Tuesday, July 22, 2014

The Assassin Always Rings Twice: An Analysis of Shadow's Son by Jon Sprunk (with an apology)

On this side of my college graduation for my bachelor’s, I have had something of a realization. I was (and continue to be, despite having earned my degree) an insufferable English major. I spent six years scrambling to figure out what I was going to do with my degree, but I knew that I loved and breathed books and literary analysis. I read every assignment and found everything but the most advanced lit classes unchallenging, and I relished every moment of it. Even when there were professors or coursework I disagreed with, I still enjoyed the process of learning and contributing to every discussion. Now that I’m embarking on a Master’s, I have a greater understanding of one of my flaws: I grew arrogant as a student. I was cocky about my understanding of critical theory, the fact that very few of my classmates took our lit classes seriously but I did, and in a lot of ways, I became intellectually lazy. I knew where I could cut corners on certain assignments, where I didn’t have to structure my arguments or understand my implications because minimum effort would earn me a top grade anyways.*

I bring up this up because I felt underwhelmed by my last blog entry,  that I was copping out on true analysis by rehashing the plot. Instead of saying something meaningful, I gave a childish criticism of a book and basically published a half-baked entry. Over the last couple of days, I’ve thought about rewriting my analysis, but have decided that if I do, it will be as a brand new entry. I just want to acknowledge that I understand my own weaknesses as a critic, especially in my parsing of grimdark versus epic fantasy.

In one of my next blog entries, I want to give a broader and more thoughtful analysis of fantasy that’s being published today, and discuss certain trends within the genre. I’d like to acknowledge now that one of my biggest frustrations is how genre labels come across as extremely reductive when you consider works within the labels (we’re not even going to touch on the “canon”). I’ve run into few if any “straight” fantasies where there wasn’t some crossing with another genre (mystery, romance, thriller), and the labels commonly used today fail to consider that kind of diversity. I think I was mistakenly using labels in my last entry to differentiate between fantasy I liked versus what I didn’t like—a mistake I made quite often during my undergraduate years, that’s so canny I don’t even realize I’m doing it sometimes. Although I will discuss this in more detail later, I’d like to finish this point with a leaf out of Derrida’s book: that binary oppositions are conventional (created) to highlight artificial differences, particularly in linguistics, to construct significance. That significance is outside of convention, and I think that, as an English major, that’s something I need to appreciate within my love of fantasy.

On to a happier topic—Shadow’s Son by Jon Sprunk was my reading this week, almost a precursor to our thieves/assassins trend from its publication in 2010. I didn’t hear much about it then, and I think I understand why. Sprunk’s writing style feels unfinished in this novel, and it was difficult to track the protagonist Caim’s growth as a character. It was a book I found myself unwillingly enjoying, because the outbreaks of hokey narrative (mainly through the frequent appearance of clichés) lightened the darkness of Caim without seeming overly silly.

There were lots of fun ideas in Shadow’s Son that if they had been pushed a little further, would have made the book fantastic. Caim has a spirit companion in the form of an attractive woman called Kit, and there’s some hints in the narrative that the love Caim and Kit have might be romantic. Kit is an important character through her significance to Caim and her ability to gain knowledge on people and places where Caim can’t be. The first scene of SS bursts with action and mostly unforced wit by demonstrating Kit’s capabilities, which make up for how she’s incapable of anything else (including but not limited to touching Caim, lifting objects, giving worth advice throughout the entire book). The relationship between Caim and Kit deflates with the introduction of Caim’s genuine love interest, and Kit gets reduced into a literal shade, two dimensions when there had been close to three.

GoodReads reviewers promise that Sprunk’s other novels are much better than SS, but I don’t think I’ll be following up. Beyond Kit’s letdown, the aspect that diminished my enjoyment of SS was Caim’s lack of trajectory. It would take a very fine eye to see any change in Caim as a character from who he was in the beginning through the end, even though Sprunk tried to use the “love changes all” idea with Caim’s relationship to his love interest. Caim in the beginning kills for money, but he takes jobs on people that a modern reader would consider horrible: despots, abusers of power, etc. He sees himself as cold, ruthless, and without remorse: that’s all mostly true. The change that’s meant to be wrought in Caim is that during the narrative, he sacrifices his own well-being for his love interest, but in my reading, he had sacrificed his own well-being before the novel began with his political ideologies. Caim lives in a plain, empty shack, and it was a good symbol for how sparse his character was. I was invested in his backstory for what it was worth, and appreciated how Sprunk highlighted how Caim’s trauma led to his emotional struggles during the narrative.

Caim in the end is largely unchanged from his image in the beginning. He sets up another character on their path to greatness and then disappears into the shadows. I almost wish this story had been told entirely from Josey’s perspective, because in a lot of ways, Caim’s story was actually a frame for hers. Unlike in the great frame narrative of our time, The Great Gatsby, I think this was accidental. Caim does get to claim some personal accomplishments that actually, well…serve everyone else, but he did achieve wiping his out competition, dethroning an oligarchy, and avenge the crime of his childhood. And yet Caim remains unchanged. His stony face was a little too literal—it alienated me as a reader and I struggled to understand what was going on behind his emotionless exterior.

I found Shadow’s Son to be a rather fun narrative, however, the light-beach-read equivalent of fantasy. It was short, so I zoomed through it in a couple of days, and I definitely liked some of the other supporting characters besides Kit. However, more than the fact that I didn’t like it, SS is just not very memorable in the thieves/assassins line of fantasy. Lately I have taken to pretending that the stories I’m reading are roleplaying narratives where I get to be a player, which has helped me be more forgiving of lackluster writing. Hopefully in the later books, Caim became a character I want to play instead of an NPC within his own story.

I just started Ed Greenwood’s The Wizard’s Mask, which seems to be his first novel for Pathfinder Tales. The reviews on GoodReads have eviscerated it, but I’m over 50 pages in and still enjoying the never-ending chase Greenwood is putting his characters through. The characters have a lot of personality and sass, and although they have done some truly outlandish things so far, at least I know I’m back within the realm of fun hack-and-slash rpg fiction. I’m going to a couple of panels at Gen Con this year that Greenwood is serving on, so I can’t wait to hear the thoughts of the creator of Elminster in a month’s time.



*There were factors in my personal life contributing to this, like working a stressful job and a complicated family situation, but I definitely made the choice.

Thursday, July 17, 2014

Scope in Epic Fantasy: Thoughts on Riyria Revelations

I first picked up Michael J. Sullivan's Theft of Swords in January, and zoomed through it once I found that the difference between epic and dark fantasy is murky at best. My definition before ToS was that dark fantasy constituted what I had read in the anthology Swords & Dark Magic, a gateway for me to many beloved authors (Glen Cook and Joe Abercrombie, to name my favorites). I formulated a loose definition that dark fantasy needed to handle issues with a gritty but ambiguous tone, wicked humor, and slice and dice combat for flavor and action. It was like dark fantasy had become the fantastic equivalent to the thriller (Bond, James Patterson heroes, etc.).

The problem with any kind of constraints on a genre is that there are inevitably examples outside that definition, and I do believe that if a term or concept is going to be defined, you have to account for those exceptions. Michael J. Sullivan helped take down my own "neat" delineation between epic and dark fantasy. ToS is a combined edition of The Crown Conspiracy and Avempartha, and there is a lot of plot ground to cover. The first half of ToS introduced Hadrian Blackwater and Royce Melbourn, two mercs who make up Riyria (a famed pair within the world), and are set up to be in the wrong place at the wrong time, and therefore take the blame for a regicide. The main plot whether or not Hadrian and Royce could clear their names, clean up on another job they had taken, and restore the crown prince to his rightful place. Although other characters vie for attention, and the reader gets other perspectives, Hadrian and Royce are unarguably the protagonists.

The Crown Conspiracy is where Sullivan's writing glowed brilliantly for me, from the introduction and dynamic between Hadrian and Royce, to the initial setup of the plot. All of the characters from the initial story are likable, ambiguous in motive, and in general trying to ram the gears of their machinations over the obstacles around them. Sullivan described the setting deftly, setting a countryside simmering in unrest and with danger around every corner. Having now read Rise of Empire, I realize I appreciated how the scope was narrow, even though at the time of reading it felt monumental. It was set in Melengar, which is said later in the series to be a tiny, even isolated country, but during Conspiracy, Melengar was the jewel all of the characters were competing for.

Conspiracy gave way to Avempartha, which had some of the same fun as reading Conspiracy, but not to the same degree. When Hadrian and Royce travel to a different country and take up official roles within Melengar, I had a creeping feeling that they were losing their way from the original mercs-with-honor role. Having just finished Rise of Empire, I can appreciate how this is probably to show maturation and depth in Riyria. I like Riyria enough to ride through any doubts Hadrian and Royce have about each other and themselves, but I definitely missed the seamless loyalty and fun they had in Conspiracy. Especially RoE, Hadrian and Royce's partner- and friendship began to feel forced. 

Avempartha laid ground for all of the characters (Princess Arista, Thrace, etc.) to get caught up in the fate the world in RoE. Hadrian and Royce get to fight and save people, and it's clear that although they officially work for the king of Melengar, their roles are still unclear. There begin to be lots of weird moments where people and things from Conspiracy catch up to Riyria, like conflicts with the Church (pseudo Catholicism at its best) and the ancient wizard Esrahaddon. Although these elements moved the plot along, I felt like they were distraction or simple obstacles for Riyria to overcome, instead of tenacious ideas that develop even more further into the series.

I could feel in Avempartha, that while I enjoyed it, it definitely wasn't Conspiracy. Having just finished RoE, it felt like those distractions that overwhelmed the plot. RoE focuses far more on developing other characters and subplots than on Riyria themselves, and the partnership between Hadrian and Royce gets strained immensely. By the end of RoE, I was ready to throw in the towel, too. I probably will finish the rest of the Riyria Revelations out of loyalty to Conspiracy. I may not have done the story justice in this post, but there were other aspects of the Riyria Revelations that buzzed in my head.

My first reaction to Conspiracy was that despite the dudes-with-swords photographic cover favored by dark fantasy, the story felt a lot like epic fantasy. Violence was present, yes, but it wasn't graphic in nature. We had dark, cynical, and jaded in Riyria (particularly in Royce), but omnipotent narration kept the darkness from feeling overwhelming or even ever-present as it does in other dark fantasy. Although Hadrian and Royce are technically scoundrels in the sense that they don't earn a conventional living, they're aware of it (especially Hadrian) and unlike in dark fantasy narratives, they don't see this a horrible reflection of society. Instead, the partnership of Royce and Hadrian feels like Rosencrantz & Guildenstern Are Dead--they constantly exchange jokes and wry asides, and their interactions are flawless. While the plots of the books center around conspiracy, there's a pervasive sense of optimism that proves to be correct, mostly.

So the Riyria Revelations aren't dark fantasy, but it's not your typical epic fantasy fare, either. I came to enjoy how I could get the same action and wicked humor of dark fantasy without having to read about how some dude's intestines decorated the cobblestones after a deft swing of a short sword (and that's a rather mild example). I think part of the reason why I felt dragged down in RoE was the fact that Hadrian and Royce developed more of a pessimistic and bleak outlook, and it just seemed rather foreign to their story. Even though RoE definitely had more swashbuckling adventure, once it left the scope of Melengar, the story seemed to come derailed.

In a recent post on the r/fantasy sub-Reddit, Sullivan talked about how Conspiracy/Theft of Swords was meant to seem simple, so that he could add layers of complexity in the plot as the books went further. For me, it read as more of a transition into more orthodox dark fantasy, particularly in the political themes, mental instability of various characters (not just Modina), and wanton death. The Riyria books are finished and I'm not certain Sullivan will return to them with his new venture into science fiction, but I will miss the unabashed fun of The Crown Conspiracy. I don't know the fates of Hadrian and Royce (although RoE hints several times at a potentially dark ending), but Sullivan at least helped develop respect for contemporary epic fantasy to go alongside my penchant for grimdark.

Sunday, July 6, 2014

Strange Tidings

I work in a library shelving books, and this has made for weird variety in my reading--from the latest biography of Ted Williams to Ten Little Indians by Sherman Alexie to too many cookbooks to count. Sometimes the reward of randomness has been great--my cooking definitely reflects that--but it's also taken a hit on my ability to finish books I picked up because I thought I'd enjoy it...but ended up struggling. The last two months have been many dead ends like that, and my GoodReads account is full of books I found too weird to finish.

I mentioned Red Country by Joe Abercrombie a few months ago, and I'm still flailing my way through it. The narrative seems to be trying too hard with conveying the voice and managing the many perspectives instead of moving the plot along, and the graphic imagery when it appears is over nine thousand. Another more recently released dark fantasy, The Barrow by Mark Smylie, started out promising but lost its way. Smylie mentioned in an interview that he used sexuality as horror in The Barrow, and that he likes to find out at what point the horror goes over readers' personal thresholds. My personal take is that the story faded out and none of the characters were interesting or strong enough to keep my attention.

It took David Dalglish's A Dance of Cloaks to take me out of my fantasy rut. The plot moved at a breakneck pace, which suited the story well, and the characters (especially Aaron/Haern) lived and breathed on the pages. The characters had realistic motivations and the kind of determination to gain power and influence that reflects reality. Dalglish said in an interview at the end of the Orbit edition that the world of A Dance of Cloaks is new and relatively clean of magical objects and the history that accompanies them--that translates into the story as giving the characters ultimate agency. I can't wait for the other two books in the series, but I'm pacing myself for now.

This weekend I sailed through Among Thieves by Douglas Hulick, which has me even more convinced I'm stuck in 2011. However, out of the fantasy I've been reading lately, I enjoyed this story the most. I'm always skeptical of the first person voice in adult fantasy, where my experience has been it's difficult to keep the narrative balanced and avoid sounding like young adult. That was never a problem with this story, and Drothe is clever and fascinating. The criminal underbelly of the empire that is the fabric of Drothe's life is an unusual mixture of class, history, and magic, and Drothe starts out as ignorant of the intricate plots as I did. As he uncovers more motivations and information, the stakes become astronomical and the ultimate test becomes if Drothe will stay true to his values or compromise for safety and the people he loves. Unlike in real life, it was wonderful to see the consequences of Drothe's actions, a payoff that's rarely experienced in real life.

My next fantasy adventure is going to be the Orbit edition of Michael J. Sullivan's Riyria Relevations: Rise of Empire. (Between Orbit and Angry Robot, I can't decide which is my favorite publisher.) More thieving! More magic! More blades! After my experiences with Red Country and The Barrow, and my impending move to a different city, I decided to take advantage of my library's excellent resources and reserve 15 books found on Amazon's Recommended lists that started with shopping around on Michael R. Underwood's Shield and Crocus. Look at the cover! A city built on the bones of a titan--I would love to set an rpg in that setting. My copy comes in next week from Barnes & Noble. It's going to be an exciting six weeks of reading.